Proper ventilation in a private house – mechanical or natural?

Proper ventilation in a private house

Any room needs a properly organized ventilation system – both a city apartment and a country cottage. A constant change in the entire volume of air is vital to maintain an optimal microclimate. The physiological peculiarity of the breathing processes is unchanged: with insufficient ventilation, the exhaled carbon dioxide accumulates every second, exceeding its permissible concentration promotes the growth of mold and pathogenic fungi, and also negatively affects the functioning of the respiratory and hematopoietic organs. As a result – a breakdown, irritability, a general weakening of the body. Ventilation in a private house (however, as in a city apartment) should be arranged according to a previously developed project, in accordance with existing standards and based on the calculations of air exchange. Effective ventilation in a country house can be organized in several ways, various structurally.

Content

• We delve into the process of air exchange
• Natural ventilation in a modern country house
• Mechanical ventilation

We delve into the process of air exchange

Depending on the method of organizing air exchange, natural and mechanical ventilation are distinguished. In any case, fresh air must be supplied through the living rooms, and polluted from technical areas (bathrooms, bathrooms, kitchens, pantries) should be removed. Whatever ventilation system is used, it is obligatory to arrange ventilation ducts in the internal main wall of the room, in order to avoid possible freezing of the duct and, as a result, “tipping over” the air flow (movement in the opposite direction) if the duct is installed in the outer wall. From the most polluted areas of the house, exhaust air is vented through ventilation ducts.

Natural ventilation in a modern country house

Natural ventilation in a private house is carried out due to the difference in the density of air flows indoors and outdoors. Air inflow and removal can be carried out in an organized and unorganized way. From ancient times, ventilation in a wooden house was carried out in an unorganized way: air was exchanged even when the windows were closed by penetration and removal of air through small gaps in the walls, as well as near window and door openings. In this case, it is not necessary to speak about the conservation of heat, as you understand.

The modern ventilation system of a private house has its own characteristics, because new energy-saving, but at the same time vapor-proof structures and materials are used in construction. Wall insulation with special heat-insulating materials, installation of sealed plastic windows solves the problem of drafts, but at the same time, a new problem arises – insufficient air flow, and, as a result, a significant deterioration of the microclimate with all of the above consequences. Doing home ventilation can be more effective. It is possible to organize the flow of air in a room where installed sealed double-glazed windows and entrance and interior doors tightly attached to the door frame are made by means of obligatory installation of supply air valves in the windows and equipping the doors with special transfer grilles to ensure air exchange.

This solves the problem of lack of air and sound insulation (we are talking about window and door valves that prevent the penetration of noise, but allow air to pass through). The air outlet during the organization of natural ventilation in a modern house is made through equipped hoods in the pantries, in the bathroom and in the kitchen. The natural ventilation system is energy independent. In the event of a power outage, it works without interference, however, its operation largely depends on climatic and weather conditions..

Mechanical ventilation

The ventilation device in a private house can be made with mechanical coercion of air exchange (this method is called mechanical ventilation). Through the use of inlet devices with fans, filters and silencers, fresh air is taken in, its output can be carried out both naturally and through the use of electric exhaust devices.

Mechanical ventilation device with various air vents

With mechanical ventilation, overpressure is created in the room, stimulating the discharge of polluted air through the ventilation ducts to the outside. Properly arranged supply ventilation in a private house makes it possible to change the air flow parameters in accordance with needs, because in addition to the inflow and exhaust, heating, cooling, purification or ionization of the air can be carried out along the way.

Effective ventilation in a frame house can be arranged only through the use of a mechanical supply system, due to the lack of its own heat capacity at the walls. When airing such a house in the summer, the room heats up very quickly, in the winter it cools quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the incoming air in the summer and heat it in the winter to maintain the optimum temperature in the house.

Forced removal of polluted air stimulates the influx of fresh: a vacuum is created, which helps to draw in fresh air through windows or air intake devices. This method is used with insufficient natural traction in the summer, when the temperature difference on the street and indoors is negligible.

Often, a combination of the above methods is used to rationally use energy resources and ensure proper ventilation efficiency in both winter and summer. Modern supply and exhaust devices can be, in fact, energy-saving technologies, because they allow air exchange with simultaneous recovery.

As you can see, ventilation of a country house – equipped with your own hands, or by invited experts, should be thought out, based on an understanding of the essence of air exchange processes, taking into account the climatic features of the region and the properties of materials used in construction.